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Asp.net
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2006: 01 02

(4)表单处理Action:PriceIncreaseFormAction
package web;import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import bus.PriceIncrease;import bus.ProductManager;import com.opensymphony.xwork.ActionSupport;public class PriceIncreaseFormAction extends ActionSupport {/** Logger for this class and subclasses */protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());private ProductManager prodMan;private PriceIncrease priceIncrease;public String execute() throws Exception {int increase = getPriceIncrease().getPercentage();logger.info("Increasing prices by " + increase + "%.");prodMan.increasePrice(increase);return SUCCESS;}public ProductManager getProdMan() {return prodMan;}public void setProdMan(ProductManager prodMan) {this.prodMan = prodMan;}public PriceIncrease getPriceIncrease() {return priceIncrease;}public void setPriceIncrease(PriceIncrease priceIncrease) {this.priceIncrease = priceIncrease;}}
<action name="priceIncrease"class="web.PriceIncreaseFormAction"><external-ref name="prodMan">prodMan</external-ref><result name="input" type="velocity"><param name="location">/WEB-INF/template/priceincrease.vm</param></result><!--<result name="input" type="dispatcher"><param name="location">/WEB-INF/jsp/priceincrease.jsp</param></result>--><result name="success" type="chain"><param name="actionName">springapp</param></result><interceptor-ref name="externalValidationWorkflowStack" /></action>
<interceptors><interceptor name="reference-resolver"class="com.opensymphony.xwork.interceptor.ExternalReferencesInterceptor"/><interceptor-stack name="externalStack"><interceptor-ref name="reference-resolver"/><interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/></interceptor-stack><interceptor-stack name="externalValidationWorkflowStack"><interceptor-ref name="reference-resolver"/><interceptor-ref name="validationWorkflowStack" /></interceptor-stack></interceptors>
(5)数据有效性验证
l WebWork2基于XWork,采用XWork的数据有效性验证机制
l XWork的验证框架允许在执行Action之前,应用输入验证规则到Action
l 注册验证器:ww2/WEB-INF/classes/validators.xml
<validators><validator name="required" class="com.opensymphony.xwork.validator.validators.RequiredFieldValidator"/><validator name="requiredstring" class="com.opensymphony.webwork.validators.JavaScriptRequiredStringValidator"/><validator name="int" class="com.opensymphony.webwork.validators.JavaScriptIntRangeFieldValidator"/><validator name="date" class="com.opensymphony.webwork.validators.JavaScriptDateRangeFieldValidator"/><validator name="expression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork.validator.validators.ExpressionValidator"/><validator name="fieldexpression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork.validator.validators.FieldExpressionValidator"/><validator name="email" class="com.opensymphony.webwork.validators.JavaScriptEmailValidator"/><validator name="url" class="com.opensymphony.webwork.validators.JavaScriptURLValidator"/><validator name="visitor" class="com.opensymphony.webwork.validators.JavaScriptVisitorFieldValidator"/><validator name="conversion" class="com.opensymphony.xwork.validator.validators.ConversionErrorFieldValidator"/><validator name="stringlength" class="com.opensymphony.xwork.validator.validators.StringLengthFieldValidator"/></validators>
Ø 上面是XWork和WebWork2提供的一些常用验证器,可以直接使用
Ø <validator>的name属性指定验证器的引用名,在验证规则文件中使用;class属性指定验证器类的全路径
Ø 如果上面的验证器都不适合,可以扩展XWork的验证框架,自定义验证器使用,同样也在validators.xml中注册
l 激活验证:
Ø 对于需要数据有效性验证的Action,都需要在配置中添加对ValidationInterceptor的引用,
Ø 缺省的validationWorkflowStack已经包含了ValidationInterceptor的引用,通常更多的是添加validationWorkflowStack引用(如前面的Action配置所述)
l 指定验证规则(与Action类同目录):PriceIncreaseFormAction-validation.xml
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0//EN" "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.dtd"><validators><field name="priceIncrease.percentage"><field-validator type="required" short-circuit="true"><message key="error.not-specified">Value required.</message></field-validator><field-validator type="fieldexpression" short-circuit="true"><param name="expression">priceIncrease.percentage > 0</param><message key="error.too-low">Value too low.</message></field-validator><field-validator type="int" short-circuit="true"><param name="max">50</param><message key="error.too-high">Value too high.</message></field-validator></field></validators>
l 数据验证规则定义在xml文件中,文件名是actionName-validation.xml,其中actionName是对应的Action类名或者是其父类名,命名规则同资源束类似
l <field>定义要验证的表单域;name属性指定表单域名字
l <field-validator>指定要进行的验证;type属性指定验证器的引用 ,与validators.xml中指定的验证器引用一致,以便使用对应的验证器进行验证;short-circuit属性可选,表示如果验证失败,是否继续下面的验证
l 同一个表单域可以定义多个验证器进行验证,不同的验证器有不同的参数,如“fieldexpression”验证器有expression参数,表示要验证的表达式,而“int”验证器有max参数,表示最大数值
l <field-validator>至少要有一个<message>元素,提供验证失败的提示信息;<message>的key属性可选,用来指定提示信息为资源束中的消息,如果没有找到,使用<message>体内容提供的缺省消息
error.not-specified=Percentage not specified!!!error.too-low=You have to specify a percentage higher than ${expression}%!error.too-high=Don´t be greedy - you can´t raise prices by more than ${max}%!
l 在资源束中的消息可以使用${paramname}的形式使用验证器的参数,但是没法使用其它参数,这一点没有Spring MVC Framework灵活
l 另外,由于WebWork2是先设置属性值,后进行验证,而对于int型属性,如果为null,又自动转换为0,因此对于第一个验证没有太大意义(有什么更好的方法?要么自定义验证器)